Sumatran rhino

How it was counted

The estimate is of animals across the species' only remaining range (Sumatra and Kalimantan, in Indonesia), and the 2025 report carries it forward from an earlier report to CITES. In captivity there are 11 animals, and the report does not say whether the 34 to 47 includes them.

An estimate with a range, not a count of every animal: about 34 to 47, where 34 is the low end and 47 the high end.

What moves it

The IUCN SSC Asian Rhino Specialist Group with TRAFFIC names poaching for the horn trade as the largest threat to rhinos as a whole (African and Asian), not to this species alone.

• poaching for the horn trade, which the report names as the largest threat to rhinos as a whole (African and Asian), not to this species alone. Illegal killing (poaching) associated with illegal trade in rhino horns remain the largest threat to their survival Source: IUCN SSC Asian Rhino Specialist Group with TRAFFIC, report to CITES CoP20 (Doc. 84 Annex 3).

The next count

No date for the next count is known as of 12 November 2026; the schedule is irregular (reported to each CITES CoP).

Sources

• IUCN SSC Asian Rhino Specialist Group with TRAFFIC, report to CITES CoP20 (Doc. 84 Annex 3) Last checked 12 November 2026.

What changed

• 12 November 2026 Added to Live Species, nobody knows: 34 to 47 (Estimate, with range, March 2022).

Every change on the site